Dušan Milojkov^1,*, Miroslav Sokić¹, Vukosava Živković-Radovanović², Gvozden Jovanović¹, Vaso Manojlović³

¹ Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, Belgrade, Serbia

² Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Serbia

³ Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Serbia

^*d.milojkov@itnms.ac.rs

https://doi.org/10.65614/uisk_yucorr.2025.26.ch27

Abstract

Fluorapatite (FAP), a calcium phosphate compound, has gained significant attention as a promising material for various biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and resistance to corrosion. The incorporation of fluoride ions into the crystal lattice of FAP enhances its structural stability, making it less susceptible to degradation in biological environments. FAP nanoparticles exhibit increased surface activity, improved adhesion, and a pronounced barrier effect compared to microparticles, which makes them highly suitable for use in protecting metal implants from corrosion. This review provides an overview of corrosion resistance of FAP nanoparticles, focusing on the mechanisms that contribute to this property and its implications for biomedical applications. Key aspects such as FAP synthesis methods, bioactivity, and its role in bone regeneration, dental materials, and implant coatings are explored. Additionally, the mechanisms of corrosion protection offered by FAP, including surface passivation and the role of fluoride ions, are discussed in detail. Finally, the biomedical significance of these properties is evaluated, with an emphasis on their potential to improve the longevity and performance of implantable biomaterials.

Keywords: fluorapatite; corrosion; biomedical applications; implants; bioactivity

Izvod

Fluorapatit (FAP), jedinjenje kalcijum-fosfata, privuklo je značajnu pažnju kao obećavajući materijal za različite biomedicinske primene zbog svoje izuzetne biokompatibilnosti, osteokonduktivnosti i otpornosti na koroziju. Uključivanje fluoridnih jona u kristalnu rešetku FAP-a poboljšava njegovu strukturalnu stabilnost, čineći ga manje podložnim degradaciji u biološkim sredinama. FAP nanočestice pokazuju povećanu površinsku aktivnost, bolju adheziju i izraženiji barijerini efekat u odnosu na mikročestice, što ih čini veoma pogodnim za primenu u zaštiti implantata od korozije. Ovaj pregled razmatra otpornost na koroziju FAP nanočestica, sa fokusom na mehanizme koji doprinose ovoj osobini i njenim implikacijama za biomedicinske primene. Ključni aspekti, kao što su metode sinteze FAP-a, bioaktivnost i njegovu ulogu u regeneraciji kostiju, dentalnim materijalima i premazima za implantate, istraženi su u ovom radu. Takođe, detaljno su razmatrani mehanizmi zaštite od korozije koje FAP nudi, uključujući pasivaciju površine i ulogu fluoridnih jona. Na kraju, biomedicinski značaj ovih osobina je evaluiran, sa naglaskom na njihov potencijal da poboljšaju dugovečnost i performanse implantabilnih biomaterijala.

Ključne reči: fluorapatit; korozija; biomedicinske primene; implantati; bioaktivnost